Summary: The fundamental objective of NATO is to guarantee freedom and security for all its members through both political and military means. During the Cold War, the alliance was intended to protect against dangers coming from the Soviet Union. After the fall of communism, the threat of a major war in Europe ceased to exist, which influenced NATO’s involvement in operations outside the treaty area. This state of affairs continued until the Russian annexation of Crimea and its further aggression against Ukraine in 2022. This situation changed the security environment in Europe, resulting in a return to a collective defense strategy. NATO countries (in particular, Poland and the Baltic states) began to take steps to enhance the security of the alliance’s eastern flank. This was reflected in decisions made at NATO summits, starting with the 2014 summit in Wales. Two years later, at the Warsaw summit, the Enhanced Forward Presence (eFP) initiative was approved. Four multinational, battalion-sized battle groups were deployed in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland. In addition, the headquarters of the Multinational Division Northeast (MND NE) was formed in Poland. This text presents the context of the establishment of the eFP, its current status and future prospects. The purpose of the article is to highlight the extremely important deterrent role that the eFP plays in the land domain of countries in this part of Europe.