Summary: The Baltic Sea constitutes a vital economic subsystem of Poland. However, the prevailing security environment in the area is undergoing a marked deterioration. At present, in excess of 90% of crude oil, 80% of natural gas and 14% of coal are transported to Poland by sea. Furthermore, predictions for the near future indicate a dramatic increase in energy dependence on sea transport routes. It has been calculated that the four Polish seaports provide revenue for the state budget that is comparable to the income from personal income tax paid by almost 17 million people working in our country. The plans to construct and develop additional external ports in Gdańsk, Gdynia and Świnoujście suggest a substantial increase in budget revenue. From this standpoint, the reconstruction of maritime transport route protection becomes an urgent undertaking, aimed at substantially enhancing the maritime transport system's resilience, both within the Polish state's maritime territories and within the broader framework of regional collaboration in the Baltic Sea region. Purpose and research methods: deductive-inductive method Conclusions / recommendations: Conclusions / recommendations